CS-458: Introduction to Cryptography

Schedule

Lesson	Subject	Book chapter*
1	The Context of Cryptography The role of cryptography The weakest link property The adversarial setting Threat model Security and other design criteria	TB1.1
2	Classical Cryptosystems I Substitution ciphers Atbash, Caesar, Monoalphabetic, Homophonic, Book, Playfair	TB1.2
3	Classical Cryptosystems II Substitution ciphers Polyalphabetic, Vigenere, Running Key, Auto Key Transposition ciphers Scytale, Rail Fence, Columnar Transposition Product ciphers Rotor Machines, Enigma	TB1.2
4	One Time Pad Index of Coincidence Cryptanalysis of Vigenere XOR Cipher Principle, Properties, Attacks One Time Pad Principle, Attacks, Practical Issues	TB1.2
5	Cryptographic Attacks Security Architecture Threats, Vulnerabilities, Attacks, Risks, Security Mechanisms Cryptographic attacks COA, KPA, CPA, CCA, Distinguishing Attack, Brute Force, MiTM, Replay	Slides
6	Block Ciphers I: Symmetric Cryptography Principles and algorithms Block ciphers design
7	Block Ciphers II: Data Encryption Standard (DES) Structure, strength and speed
8	Block Ciphers III: Triple DES (3DES) Keying options, strength and speed
9	Block Ciphers IV: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) AES and other block ciphers	TB1.4 TB2.4
10	Block Ciphers V: Modes of operation Padding Block and stream modes Increasing the security of block ciphers	TB2.5
11	Block Ciphers VI: Attacks Brute force Analytic and statistical Attacks against the modes of operation	Slides
12	Public key cryptography I: Principles and applications Symmetric vs. asymmetric cryptography Practical aspects of public key cryptography Public-key distribution Digital signatures Hybrid encryption Algorithms	TB2.6
13	Introduction to Number Theory Modular arithmetic Euclidean and extended Euclidean algorithms Euler's Phi Function Fermat’s Little Theorem and Euler’s Theorem Primality testing and factorisation	TB1.8 TB1.9 TB1.10 TB2.6
14	Public key cryptography II The RSA cryptosystem The RSA cryptosystem Proof of Correctness Padding RSA in practice	TB1.11 TB2.7
15	Public key cryptography III: Other PKC systems Discrete Logarithm Problem based Elliptic Curve based Digital signatures	TB1.13 TB2.8 TB2.9 TB2.10
16	Public key cryptography IV: RSA attacks I Factorization Plain RSA attacks
17	Public key cryptography V: RSA attacks II Protocol Random number generation Side-channel Signature	Slides
18	Hash functions I: Principles and applications Collisions Birthday attack Applications	TB1.5
19	Hash functions I: Algorithms SHA-1/2/3
20	Hash functions II: Algorithms Length Extension Attack Cryptanalysis of hash algorithms
21	Message Authentication Codes Principles and Applications MACs from hash functions MACs from block ciphers Attacks	TB1.5 TB2.12
22	Key Managment Key freshness and key derivation Key establishment using symmetric-key techniques Key establishment using asymmetric techniques Key lifecycle	TB1.6 TB2.13
23	Applications of Cryptography Secure data communications and storage Security protocols (SSL/TLS, PGP, Tor) Blockchain and cryptocurrencies	Slides
20	Quantum mechanics and cryptography Quantum key distribution Post-quantum cryptography	Slides

Book chapters: The course lectures will follow both recommended textbooks, chapters beginning with 1 refer to the textbook "Εισαγωγή στην Κρυπτογραφία" whereas chapters begining with 2 refer to the textbook "Understanding Cryptography, a textbook for students and practitioners".