This paper outlines a knowledge-based approach to construct semantically enriched components that can be integrated to form an environment for assisting and supporting medical professionals. We aim at capturing and utilizing invaluable expert knowledge, formalized within ontologies, to improve different kinds of medical diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Our work is focused on supporting the knowledge management task, targeting the early stage diagnosis of musculoskeletal diseases of the human knee articulation, but is general enough to support similar knowledge management tasks for a wide range of clinical decision-making, research, teaching and learning activities.